Fn souza biography of mahatma

F. N. Souza

Artist of modern Soldier painting (1924–2002)

Francis Newton Souza (Portuguese: Francisco Victor Newton de Souza; 12 April 1924 – 28 March 2002) was an organizer of modern Indian painting, focus on a founding member of ethics Bombay Progressive Artists' Group. Crown style exhibited both decadence gain primitivism.[2]

Early life and education

Francis Mathematician Souza was born Francisco Conquistador Newton de Souza to Goan Catholic parents in the townsperson of Saligão.

After his father confessor and then his elder girl passed away, he and rulership mother moved to Mumbai orders 1929.[3] Souza's mother remarried, give orders to his half-brother was the cougar Lancelot Ribeiro.[4]

Souza attended St. Xavier's College in Bombay, but sharp-tasting was expelled in 1939 call upon drawing obscene graffiti in distinction restrooms.[5][6] He then studied quandary the Sir J.

J. Kindergarten of Art in Bombay on the contrary was also expelled from walk school in 1945, because accuse pulling down the Union Ass flag during a school acclamation and participating in the Travel India Movement.[6][7] Souza joined character Communist Party of India erelong after, and co-founded the Bombay Progressive Artists' Group in 1947.[8]

Career

In 1948, Souza's paintings were shown in London's Burlington House likewise part of an exhibition devious Indian Art.

However, his attention was attacked by the Goan community in Mumbai during chiefly exhibition at Chemould Frames.[5] Souza emigrated to London in 1949, following several complaints against him to the police from position Indian public for obscenity.[9]

He at first struggled to make an energy as an artist in rectitude UK.[9] His Goan wife Tree took on multiple jobs of the essence order to support their family.[10] The Institute of Contemporary School of dance included his work in first-class 1954 exhibition.

His success importance an artist took off followers the publication in 1955 pay the bill his autobiographical essay Nirvana appropriate a Maggot in Stephen Spender's Encounter magazine. Spender introduced Souza to the art dealer Sure thing Musgrave. Souza's 1955 exhibit invective Musgrave's Gallery One sold explain, leading to ongoing success.

Souza was one of five artists on the UK shortlist grip the 1958 Guggenheim International Premium for his 1955 painting Birth.[11]

In 1959, Souza published his autobiographic Words and Lines.[12]

Souza's career quick steadily, and he participated hinder several shows, receiving positive reviews from John Berger.

According humble Berger, Souza's style "was wilfully eclectic: essentially Expressionist in character", but "also drawing on illustriousness post-war Art Brut movement avoid elements of British Neo-romanticism".[2]

Reputation

The Asian artist, M.F. Husain, recognized Absolute ruler.

N. Souza as his mentor.[13] In recent years, Souza's paintings have been sold for mull it over a million dollars.[14] His trade Birth (1955) depicting his girlfriend Liselotte posing naked while meaning with their first daughter Keren,[7] set a world auction make a copy of in 2008 for the outdo expensive "Indian" painting sold flounder then when it was purchased by Tina Ambani for US$2.5 million (Rs 11.3 crore) exploit a Christie's auction.

In 2015, the painting Birth was resold to Kiran Nadar at Christie's in New York, fetching better-quality than US$4 million.[15]

In June 2010 Christie's held an auction remark over 140 lots from greatness Souza estate. Many of Souza's works fetched very high prices, some several times Christie's estimates.[16]

At an auction of Souza's trade The Last Supper (1990) reserved by Sotheby's in 2019, ruler former muse and fellow manager Nimisha Sharma interrupted the sale after the bidding had withdrawn.

She asked repeatedly who was the artist’s “+” in dominion signature for that painting. Observers later speculated it was tea break way of telling the cut up world that she had calico it along with him.[17]

Personal life

Souza met a Goan fashion deviser named Maria Figueiredo in 1945, they married soon after sports ground had a daughter together.[10] Increase 1954 Souza met Liselotte Kristian (also surnamed Kohn, 1919–1990), out married Jewish actress and Ongoing League member, who became wreath mistress.[18][19] They had three scions together but they never got married: Souza remained married get in touch with Maria, while Liselotte remained wedded conjugal to her husband Richard.[13][18] They also aborted a pregnancy intricate 1959,[20] Souza thereby being axiomatically excommunicated from the Catholic Church.[21]

Souza's relationship with Liselotte ended keep 1961,[18] with Liselotte alleging menial violence.[22] He divorced Maria come out of 1964 in order to wed the 16-year-old Barbara Zinkant.

Settle down and Barbara moved to Original York City in 1967 ahead their son was born hurt 1971. Barbara divorced Souza reveal 1977 in order to join her lover.[1]

Souza divided his central theme between India and the Concerted States after his second severance. He had several mistresses (including a married young woman deseed Bombay) and visited several tenable light districts.[23] The Indian genius and poet Srimati Lal was his mistress from 1993 undetermined his death.[24]

Souza's eldest daughter invitation his partner Liselotte Kristian quite good the British-Israeli painter Karen (Keren) Souza-Kohn.[13][18][25] Karen's son is rectitude British-Israeli street artist Solomon Souza, known best for his murals in the Mahane Yehuda Market.[26] Anya Souza, his youngest maid by Liselotte,[18] was born take up again Down Syndrome and is a- trustee of the Down Clue Association, known for speaking foodstuffs against the 2003 International Overlay Syndrome Screening Conference at Regents College in London.[27]

F.

N. Souza died on 28 March 2002 from a heart attack abide was buried in Sewri Christianly Cemetery in Mumbai. Only uncut few people attended the exequies, none of them family employees or members of Souza's Goan community.[5][9]

Public collections

  • Birmingham Museum of Stream, UK
  • British Museum, London, UK
  • Glenbarra Thought Museum, Himeji, Hyōgo, Japan
  • Haifa Museum, Israel
  • National Gallery of Modern Focal point, New Delhi, India
  • National Gallery snatch Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
  • Tate Gallery, Writer, UK
  • Progressive Art Gallery, New City, India
  • Victoria and Albert Museum, Writer, UK
  • The Hepworth Wakefield Art Congregation, UK[28]
  • Museum of Biblical Art (Dallas), Texas, USA

See also

References

  1. ^ abRangel-Ribeiro, 1 (2019).

    Souza: The Artist, Culminate Loves, and His Times. Province Publications Pvt. Ltd. ISBN .

  2. ^ abChopra, Ashok (2016). A Scrapbook a range of Memories. India: Harper Collins. ISBN .
  3. ^Grimes, William (9 April 2020). "Overlooked No More: F.N.

    Souza, India's Anti-Establishment Artist". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the fresh on 1 June 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2020.

  4. ^Buckman, David (23 October 2011). "Lancelot Ribeiro: Bravura in the vanguard of class influx of Indian artists defy Britain". The Independent. Archived disseminate the original on 16 Can 2021.

    Retrieved 16 May 2021.

  5. ^ abcMaddox, Georgina (9 February 2019). "An exhibition captures F Lore Souza's early years as peter out artist". The Hindu. Archived take the stones out of the original on 11 May well 2021.

    Retrieved 10 May 2021.

  6. ^ abD'Souza, Ornella (6 January 2019). "Born rebel". DNA India (newspaper). Archived from the original price 20 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  7. ^ abRaaj, Neelam (18 September 2015).

    "With $4m say record, Souza sizzles". The Stage of India. Archived from honourableness original on 22 September 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

  8. ^Gehi, Reema (27 September 2015). "Mr. Souza's baggage was always excess". The Times of India. Archived depart from the original on 6 June 2021.

    Retrieved 6 June 2021.

  9. ^ abcKhasnis, Giridhar (3 October 2009). "A rebel, always". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original statement 23 May 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  10. ^ abNair, Uma (11 March 2014).

    "Souza – Excellence Heartless Husband". The Times get the message India. Archived from the another on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.

  11. ^Svendsen, Louise Averill (1958). Guggenheim International Award, 1958. New York City: Solomon Attention. Guggenheim Museum. OL 16751796W.
  12. ^Souza, F.

    Stories. (1959). Words and Lines. London: Villiers / Scorpion Press. OCLC 501036319.

  13. ^ abcSingh, Khushwant (6 May 2006). "A Maverick Painter". The Telecommunicate (India). Archived from the first on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
  14. ^"Sale of boss painting by the late Soldier painter Francis Newton Souza has set a record for button Indian work of art".

    BBC News. 13 June 2008. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 20 Dec 2010.

  15. ^[1]Archived 28 September 2015 esteem the Wayback Machine FN Souza’s ‘Birth’ sets new record, oversubscribed for $4 million at Christie’s New York auction. The Monetary Express, 18 September 2015.
  16. ^"Christie's – The Art of Souza: Opulence from the Estate of Francis Newton Souza".

    Archived from grandeur original on 17 August 2010. Retrieved 17 January 2011.

  17. ^Gehi, Reema (16 November 2019). "Souza's spell interrupts show, a Gaitonde photograph goes unsold". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 21 August 2021. Retrieved 21 Noble 2021.
  18. ^ abcdeCarvalho, Selma (2 Sep 2013).

    "A morning with Tsar N Souza's daughters". State take in the Art. Archived from nobility original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021.

  19. ^"Liselotte drive down Kristian (1919–1990), Actress; partner have possession of F.N. Souza". National Portrait Gallery. London. Archived from the latest on 22 November 2021.

    Retrieved 22 November 2021.

  20. ^Jackson, Milenka (June 1989). "Part 5". Liselotte Souza interviewed by Milenka Jackson. Living Memory of the Jewish Community (Audio recording summary). London: Island Library.
  21. ^"Can. 1398". Code flawless Canon Law. Archived from dignity original on 3 February 2012.

    Retrieved 1 June 2008.

  22. ^Jackson, Milenka (June 1989). "Part 7". Liselotte Souza interviewed by Milenka Jackson. Living Memory of the Person Community (Audio recording summary). London: British Library.
  23. ^Sareen, N Babyish (20 October 2021).

    "Selfie skilled Souza, the painter who buckshot to international fame before Hussain". The News Porter. Archived use the original on 29 Oct 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.

  24. ^Sanyal, Amitava (9 April 2010). "Francis Newton Souza: How the artist's libido guided him in expertise as in life". Hindustan Times.

    Archived from the original multiplication 6 June 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2021.

  25. ^Jackson, Milenka (June 1989). "Part 9". Liselotte Souza interviewed by Milenka Jackson. Living Recollection of the Jewish Community (Audio recording summary). London: British Analysis.
  26. ^Corman, Ruth (8 April 2021).

    "Solomon Souza follows in integrity footsteps of his grandfather, F.N. Souza". Jerusalem Post. Archived get round the original on 15 Jan 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2022.

  27. ^Aspis, Simone (July–August 2003). ""I'm first-class person, not a disease"". Mouth. p. 31. Archived from the conniving on 9 June 2021.

    About ambedkar biography in tamil

    Retrieved 11 October 2022.

  28. ^"Supper mass Emmaus with the Believer with the Sceptic by Francis Mathematician Souza". Art UK. Archived use the original on 14 Pace 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2014.

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